This circuit gives out an alarm when its sensor is wetted by water. A 555 astable multivibrator is used here which gives a tone of about 1kHz upon detecting water. The sensor when wetted by water completes the circuit and makes the 555 oscillate at about 1kHz.
The sensor is also shown in the circuit diagram. It has to placed making an angle of about 30 – 45 degrees to the ground. This makes the rain water to flow through it to the ground and prevents the alarm from going on due to the stored water on the sensor
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